Reported by: LIU Mengnan
Photographed by: FENG Di
Translated by: SUN Shanshan
Edited by: Daniel Penistone
From October 23rd to 25th, the study group of Heilongjiang energy city went to Daqing to study, which was sponsored by the China Scholarship Council and hosted by the Education Department of Heilongjiang Province. Before this activity, Ren Nanqi, the Vice President of HIT, met with Li Yanguang, the Director of Division of International Students Affairs of China Scholarship Council.
This activity attracted more than 150 foreign students in master degrees and doctoral degrees who won CSC Scholarships. They are students from 9 universities, including Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Northeast Forestry University and so on. During the activity, those students learned about the development history, city orientation and development direction of Daqing. They also visited the third oil recovery factory in Daqing, 1025 drilling crew and Hi-tech Development Zone of Daqing. Besides, they visited some city sights, including Daqing Oil Field Science Museum, City-planning Museum, the Ironman Memorial and the Oil Cube. As a result, they experienced and learned the spirit of Daqing and ironman spirit. At the end of this activity, those foreign students said they will learn the spirit of Daqing and ironman spirit in their future life and study, so as to do a good job during their life in China.
The aim of this activity was not only to broaden the foreign students’ horizons in social practice and improve their understanding about the development of China and Chinese culture, but also to positively respond to the strategy of “Tell Good Chinese Stories” proposed by Xi Jinping in the National Foreign Affairs Conference in order to make the world better understand Chinese stories and Chinese spirit.
The site of this activity
Group photo
Report on Cultural Tour---Prepare by:Karn Nabin Kumar from Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin
Introduction
Daqing is a prefecture-level modern city in southwest of Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China. Daqing is known as the Oil Capital of China and has experienced a phenomenal boom since oil was discovered there in 1959 and started out as a major oil-mining industry. The name literally means "Great Celebration". Daqing is home to China's largest oil reserves, and there are hundreds of oil rigs all around the city, even in between apartment buildings and on the main streets. Daqing in such an industrious city, that even Chairman Mao himself encourages other cities to learn from its success. The city was founded in 1959 to house oil industry workers and workers in industries, which could see an advantage in being close to the oil supplies. Daqing is quite modern, and quickly developing.Daqing is one of the Chinese service model cities, national civilized cities, famous for the petroleum product industry. It is one of biggest oil field in china and 10th largest in the world oil field. Shopping malls are popping up everywhere, as are western fast-food chains. It was amazing at how quickly things were developing, especially in regards to construction and the introduction of international brands and stores into the city.
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Some glimpses of beautiful Daqing city.
Background
The development of Daqing Oilfield is closely related with the destiny of the nation, and the development history of Daqing is an episode full of independent pioneering quests and struggles with nature. It is since September 26, 1959; with the commercial discovery from Songji No.3 well that marks the discovery of Daqing Oilfield. Up until the early 1960s, hundreds of thousands of petroleum workers from all across the country streamed to Songliao basin, located in the northern part of China, where only wild, barren land and a bitter climate accompanied their presence. From then on, a massive and valiant campaign for prospecting petroleum has been preluded. Confronted with obstacles like severe climate and shortages of money and supplies, those hard workers, best-known and represented by “Ironman” Wang Jinxi, devoted all their might to the combat with nature. They took actions and promised that “to sacrifice 20 years of their life to get the oilfield explored and developed”, and “despite the conditions, never give up struggling”. In less than 3 years, Daqing Oilfield was successfully explored and developed, which was of great importance to China in order to rid the bad name of being deficient in oil. Since then, China has been able to guarantee supply of petroleum and the petroleum industry in China also entered a completely new stage.
And now, nearly half century has passed and Daqing Oilfield has performed miracle after miracle and many splendid achievements during its development. From the year 1963, when the whole oilfield was put into production, annual oil production was climbing incrementally at a rate of 3 million, and production peaked in 1976 at 50 million tons per year. From then on, Daqing Oilfield has maintained stable production at this level for 27 years, and cumulative oil production has exceeded 2 billion tons, occupying 40% of the total continental oil production in recent times. Daqing Oilfield has paid 1.6 trillion RMB to the nation, and since the year 2000, the company has continued to be the biggest tax payer in China. The company’s core operations are oil and gas exploration and development, engineering services, facility manufacturing, chemical engineering, operation sustenance, field services, and other diverse fields. The innovation of theories and matching techniques for the development of the giant continental sandstone oilfield of severe heterogeneity in Daqing Oilfield is as important as the “2 nuclear devices and 1 artificial satellite” for China. The recovery of major reservoirs in Daqing has reached 50%, about 10~15% higher than other oilfields in China, which is also regarded as a miracle in the development of oilfields around the world. Not only did Daqing Oilfield create abundant energy supplies, but precious spiritual treasures have also been cultivated, including “Daqing spirit”, “Ironman spirit”, “2 theories”, “3 values and 4 musts” and “3 basics”. Daqing Oilfield has contributed actively to the prosperous social and economic development of Heilongjiang province. With the smooth progress of oilfield operations, the working and living environment of the employees of the oilfield has also been greatly improved.
The successful development of Daqing oilfield involved policies and attention from several generations of national leaders in China. In 1964, Chairman Mao personally called for all the enterprises and industries in China to follow the model of Daqing. And in more recent years, according to the scientific outlook on development and sustainable development, Daqing Oilfield has established the strategic objectives of “stable production, coordinated development, harmonious environment and the realization of a 100-year oilfield”. The workload of drilling tasks completed by Daqing Oilfield is greater than the other four drilling companies under the Petro China banner, and for three years.
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Photos show the automatic pumping machine, oil reservoirs in china.
Objective
This Culture tour objective is to learn and improve the acquaintance and comprehensive of splendid Chinese culture and history and their enthusiasm as well. Aims to encourage the international students to perceive china, attractive Heilongjiang Province Energy Industries city Investigation etc.
Funds of the Activity:
All the expenditures were supported by China Scholarship Council, Govt. of China
Details of Site Visits
1. Field Researching Daqing 3rd mine
During this visit we came to know about the production and purification system of the petroleum product. One staff explain about the system which helps us to understand better way. With the help of dummy simulation system, we clearly saw the how the oil, natural gas, water, oxygen and electricity are supplying. During this visit we also came to familiar with different types of rock which are found inside the earth where the pore of oil and gas resides.
Production and Refinery system
2. Volvo Cars Corporation
Volvo Cars today underlined its long term commitment to China by significantly expanding its manufacturing facility in Daqing, China. The company use its Daqing plant to make the most innovative vehicles in its product range, which are based on its Scalable Product Architecture (SPA), a flexible, scalable product architecture that covers most of Volvo's future car models.
Frame Model of Volvo Cars
3. Daqing Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone
Daqing High-tech Industrial Development Zone (Daqing HIDZ) is located in Daqing in the Harbin-Daqing-Qiqihar Industrial Corridor. It is the nation's only park focused on the petroleum and petrochemical industry. It is also a city for electronics, according to Heilongjiang's industrial plan. Daqing HIDZ consists of one high-tech zone and three chemical parks. The high-tech zone focuses on low-pollution high-tech industries, whereas the three chemical parks rely on heavy industry.
Daqing HIDZ is in the East District of Daqing next to the oil field, bordered by the Binzhou Railway to the south and the Harbin-Daqing Highway to the east. Daqing is 160 km by train from Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province.
In 2013, the park’s GDP reached RMB 65.5 billion. Meanwhile, the park’s value added industrial output hit RMB 54.2 billion. Daqing HIDZ’s major industries are petrochemicals, new materials and information technology. By the end of 2012, over 3000 enterprises were set up in the park including 13 listed enterprises. Major investors in the zone include Daqing Oilfield Chemical Corp, Bluestar and Huake.
The new materials industry in Daqing HIDZ focuses on organic polymer materials and products, high-performance composite materials, new chemical building materials, inorganic non-metallic materials and metal materials. Changhuan and Hanwei are major investors.
Introduction about High-Tech Business center
4. 1025 Benchmarking Drilling Crew:
Based on the quality service and advanced technology and equipment, the construction crew have established a brand in both domestic and foreign markets, has been widely praised by Party A and the owners several times. The Daqing spirit, Iron Man spirit casting the heroic crew: 1025, 1202 well-drilling crew, are the benchmark crews of China's Oil Industry, has achieved a national record of "5000 meters one month, 20000 meters one year" and a word record in annual drilling footage 100,000meters, exceeding the United States’ lead well-drilling crew and the merit well-drilling crew of the former Soviet Union. Drilling Crew member explains how the drilling process is done. The technical staff explains each thing very smoothly and lots of queries has been solved.
Explaining the mechanism of Drilling
5. Daqing Urban Planning Exhibition Hall:
Pavilion is divided into four, one primarily for meetings, receptions and other functions. The main part of the story for the show is divided into sequence hall, the impression daqing, historical footprint, brilliant city planning overview of the hall. 2270 square meters of mainly three main urban planning model showrooms, five districts , four counties, kyungnam park, kyung pook metro planning showroom. The main focuses of the project for four showrooms, interactive experience area and dynamic 4d stereoscopic cinema. The museum uses a lot of sound, light, electricity and other modern high-tech display technology, the four seasons museum, interactive pictures, 360 -degree surround screen experience virtual driving, boating, lower east side, bicycle driving, 4d theater and other interactive exhibition presented one by one, is a set of planning and construction achievements show, science education, tourism, planning inquiries and other functions into one integrated planning exhibition hall.
Urban planning exhibition hall of the content will be replaced at any time based on the annual change, so that people are familiar with the city of daqing historical development and changes, and more allow them to understand the direction of the future development of the city of daqing, enhance people's sense of belonging. In addition, the urban planning exhibition hall is an investment platform for foreign investors came to daqing vital to understand the tremendous changes and future direction of development, to increase their confidence in investment. in addition , it will make policy makers and experts intuitively feel every time planning the changes brought to the city .
Daqing City Scrape
6. Oil Field History Exhibition Hall:
This museum was built to display and explore the development of oil drilling in the area, the impact of the technology and the ecological impact of oil use in the area. It is located in an Exhibition Hall at Daqing Oilfield Development.
The museum's exhibition halls include the Oil Gas Prospecting Hall, Oilfield Developing Hall and Technology Hall. Two new halls have recently been added to the museum: the Chemical Hall and a Dinosaur Fossil Hall. The museum also has a detailed diorama displaying the various layers of an oilfield and the method through which crude oil is extracted.
Earlier Technology for Drilling and Pumping
7. Iron Man Wang Jinxi Memorial and Oil Cube:
Iron Man Wang Jinxi Memorial Hall is located at the west end of the Century Road in Ranghulu District of Daqing, its foundation was laid on October 8, 2003, 80 birthday anniversary of the Iron Man. On August 10, 2006 Premier Wen Jiabao inscribed for this Museum. In the Museum, under the theme of ‘to be Patriotic, Pioneering, Honest, Practically and Devotion ---- oil spirit’, the outstanding achievements of the Iron Man Wang Jinxi and Daqing Spirit and Iron Man Spirit embodied in Iron Man’s behavior in his life are exhibited. The total area of the exhibition halls is 4790 m2, and the total length of the exhibition line is 917 linear meter. In the Museum there are 497 photos, 953 antiquities, 48 document pictures and 184 literatures being exhibited. This Museum are featured by advanced exhibition ideas, obvious themes, detailed and accurate historical materials, original concept and multiple highlight. The exhibitions halls here are wide and broad, the scenes are open and fascinating, and the exhibition items are infectious, all showing the distinctive characteristics of this Museum.
Oil Hall in Shanghai World Expo 2010 is commonly known as Oil Cube. After the expo. , the main part of Oil Cube was delivered to the famous Daqing city in Heilongjiang province.
Oil museum is located in Heilongjiang Province Daqing City, Saertu District adjacent to the Jiu Hotel, and Saertu Wanda Plaza across the road across. Oil Museum covers an area of 4000 m2, construction area of 6190 m2, the exhibition hall includes oil effect on human history and city development, the content of 4D film, in performances etc. Daqing oil museum to build the spirit of science knowledge in philosophy, cultural visual display oil civilization charm, will become one of the most important tourist attractions in Daqing city. After nightfall, you can see the museum on the wall of oil changes will sunset in the oil, oil extraction machine, extending city dreams, iron statues and other dozens of different models and patterns, "expression" is very rich. The oil gallery moved to Daqing, and interior decoration of the World Expo oil museum is different, add some elements of Daqing. Here, not only can see the mascot "4D movie" baby oil ", but also to experience the dream" oil, "oil" show performances, show the style and Daqing style oil industries.
Wang Jinxi Memorial Museum
In front of Oil Cube
Conclusion
I really enjoy in this Cultural and study tour in Daqing. It not only lets me to realize the function and detail of the petroleum production system, development of modern city, but it also provides a chance for me to discover the Daqing local culture. It really broadens my horizon and gives me a precious learning experience. If there is another chance to learn, I must grab the chance to enhance my studies and learning.
Report on Cultural Tour ---Prepare by:Muhammad Shahbaz from Harbin University of Science and Technology
INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY OF DAQING
Daqing ( 大庆) is a big city in the west of Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China. The name literally means "Great Celebration". Daqing is known as the Oil Capital of China and has experienced a phenomenal boom since oil was discovered there in 1959.
Its population was 2,904,532 at the 2010 PRC National Census, there are total 5 urban districts of Daqing, i.e. ( Sartu ,Longfeng , Ranghulu , Honggang and Anda).
The region now known as Daqing backbone of china regarding oil production. The Daqing oilfield was discovered in the late 1950s, and drilling began in 1958. A town with the same name was founded in 1959 to house workers extracting oil and gas from the Daqing oilfield and to host industries which could take advantage of the energy and petrochemicals, shortly before the 10th anniversary of the founding of the PRC. The name Daqing literally means "Great Celebration". On 26 May 1960, Anda City was established at former Anda town (today's Anda City in Suihua prefecture), administering Daqing oilfield area. Five months later, the administrative organs of the oilfield relocated in Sartu. On 23 June 1964, the city was established Anda special administrative region, with Anda county administering its surrounding area. On 14 December 1979, the city was separated from Anda and was renamed Daqing after the oilfield.
Since its foundation it has been advocated as a model of good practice in industry and healthcare by the Chinese government. The fact that Mao Zedong promulgated his Supreme Directive , In industry, learn from Daqing, in the 1960s reflects how important a role Daqing has historically played in industry in China.
Daqing is divided into 9 county-level divisions: 5 districts, 3 counties and 1 autonomous county
Sartu District (萨尔图区)
Longfeng District (龙凤区)
Ranghulu District (让胡路区)
Datong District (大同区)
Honggang District (红岗区)
Zhaozhou County (肇州县) ,
Zhaoyuan County (肇源县)
Lindian County (林甸县)
Dorbod Mongol Autonomous County
Daqing has overall cold weather, winter is bitterly cold with occasional snowfalls, and spring and autumn are prevailed by monsoons. The vast majority of the annual rainfall occurs during summer. The diurnal temperature variation can be up to 14 °C (25 °F) during the growing period. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from −8.5 °C (−.3 °F) in January to 23.3 °C (73.9 °F) in July, and the annual mean is +4.2 °C (39.6 °F). Extreme temperature ranges from −9.2 °C (−8.6 °F) to 39.8 °C (103.6 °F)
Daqing's economy highly depends on petroleum and related industries. Daqing's oilfield is China's largest and the world's fourth most productive. Petroleum accounts for 60.8% of GDP. In 2011, Daqing's gross domestic product (GDP) was RMB374 billion yuan, representing a rise of 12.1% year on year.
DETAIL OF OUR VISIT
1. FIELD RESEARCHING DAQING 3rd MINE
Daqing Oilfield Exploration and Development Research Institute” is the key brand delivered by Daqing Oilfield Exploration and Development Research Institute affiliated to Daqing Oilfield . Equipped with various advanced equipment and strong technical forces, Daqing Oilfield Exploration and Development Research Institute is a large comprehensive research institute in oilfield exploration and development. It possesses all kinds of disciplines and technologies related to oilfield exploration and development. It is well known for oil & gas exploration, oil & gas field development, tertiary recovery, geophysics, analysis, research and information. The institute now has 1992 employees, among them 1065 are technicians including 9 professor-level senior engineers, 418 senior engineer, 552 engineers, 68 with doctoral degrees, 358 with master's degrees and 1 top expert of PetroChina Company Limited.
2. VISTING VOLVO CARS CORPORATION
Daqing is situated at similar latitude, and with a similar geomorphic environment and weather, to Gothenburg, home of Volvo Cars’ Sweden headquarters. The two cities are also similar in terms of environment, livability, and their social and business environment. Volvo Cars’ ongoing global growth efforts have clear synergies with Daqing’s need to transition away from a resource-based economy. These complementarities have brought Volvo and Daqing together.
Located in the hinterland of Northeast China, with land and sea links to six Northeast Asian countries, Daqing has unique geographical advantages. Trade and high-end consumption trends in the region will provide strong impetus for Volvo Cars’ development in China. At the same time, Daqing is undergoing a critical period in its own economic transition, as well as changes in its developmental impetus and ecological construction. In such a crucial period, Daqing’s forward-looking strategic vision, practical development policies, and market potential made it a highly attractive location for Volvo Cars.
Daqing Volvo Automobile Manufacturing Co., Ltd. is located in Daqing’s High-tech Zone, and will be equipped with pressing, welding, coating and assembly plants, as well as relevant auxiliary equipment. The plant is expected to become operational in the fourth quarter of 2013 and to have an initial capacity of 80,000 vehicles. Future capacity will be adjusted in accordance with market demand. By the time the project is in full production, Daqing will account for over RMB 100 billion in vehicle sales, and the addition of 6000 jobs in the area will mark a reshaping of the premium car industry in Northeast China.
3. VISITING DAQING HI-TECH INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ZONE
As an old industrial base, Heilongjiang Province is now prudently restructuring its economy in an effort to regain its long lost luster. Its cities of Harbin, Daqing and Qiqihar are assembling as an engine for growth. And Daqing High-tech Industrial Development Zone (HIDZ), situated at the heart of this tri-city area known as the Ha-Da-Qi Industry Corridor, is expected to give a crucial spark of new life to this rust belt.
The HIDZ was built in 1992 on Daqing's outskirts as a provident project to ensure civic sustainable development. It was the nation's only national industrial zone that focused on the petroleum and petrochemical industries. Over the past 20 years, Daqing HIDZ has expanded to include three chemical industrial parks and one provincial industrial and economic zone.
In 2010 its total output value stood at RMB 32.8 billion, and its industrial added value reached RMB 26.1 billion, making up 45 percent of the city's total industry base. Daqing HIDZ has become a driving force for the region's economic restructuring and changes in the mode of economic growth.
Stepping into the new decade, Daqing HIDZ bursts forth with new vigor and confidence. According to its development outline for the 12th Five-year Plan period, Daqing HIDZ aims to become a center for innovative business and technology-intensive industries with distinct features that will inspire and galvanize the development of the Ha-Da-Qi Industry Corridor and neighboring areas.
The industrial zone gives priority to the petrochemical industry, automobile manufacturing and new materials, and also promotes equipment manufacturing, the service industry, and emerging industries. Businesses involved in these sectors will be mainly accommodated in the zone's City of New Industries (now under construction), and slated to cover 73.99 square kilometers. In addition to advanced infrastructure and the facilities required for industrial production, the district will also provide comfortable housing, convenient public services and a pleasant environment for people working and living there.
4. VISITING DAQING URBAN PLANNING EXHIBITION HALL
Daqing Urban Exhibition Hall has four floors. The first floor is mainly for meeting reception. The second floor is mainly for exhibition. its divided in Preface Hall , impression of Daqing. Footsteps of History, Glorious City and Planning Exhibition Hall, Covering 2270 square meters. Besides, five District, four country, Qinnan New Urban District and Qinbei New Urban District Planning Exhibition Hall. The fourth floor is Important programs Exhibition Hall, Interactive Experience Hall, and Dynamic 4D Cinema.
5. VISITING OIL FIELD HISTORY EXHIBITION HALL
This museum was built to display and explore the development of oil drilling in the area, the impact of the technology and the ecological impact of oil use in the area. It is located in an Exhibition Hall at Daqing Oilfield Development.
The museum's exhibition halls include the Oil Gas Prospecting Hall, Oilfield Developing Hall and
Technology Hall. Two new halls have recently been added to the museum: the Chemical Hall and a Dinosaur Fossil Hall. The museum also has a detailed diorama displaying the various layers of an oilfield and the method through which crude oil is extracted.
6. VISITING IRON MAN WANG JINXI MEMORIAL AND OIL CUBE
Wang Jinxi (王进喜, 1923-1970) was born in a poor peasant family in Yumen County, Gansu Province. "His life in the old society was a nightmare": he worked as a sheep herd in childhood and later as a coal bearer. He started working in the Yumen Oilfield when he was 15 years old, and worked there for ten years. In 1956, he was admitted to the Chinese Communist Party and in 1959, he attended the National Conference of Heroes of Labor in Peking.
When Mao Zedong and the Party Central Committee decided in February 1960 "to fight 'a massive battle' to open up Daqing" (between Harbin and Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province) and become self-sufficient in oil, Wang and his famous No. 1205 Drilling Team rushed to the bleak grasslands from Yumen Oilfield. Undeterred by temperatures of between -20 and -30 Centigrades, they jumped into battle directly. After five days of drilling, they struck oil, and Daqing's first production well went into operation "amidst resounding cheers of 'Long Live Chairman Mao'". Within three years, Daqing became China's first-rate big oilfield.
Despite fatigue, injuries and difficulties, Wang kept going throughout. For this the people called him 'Iron Man', and the name 'Iron Man' Wang stuck and spread. In 1960, the nation was called upon to learn from the Iron Man, and in 1967, he was made a national labor model. Veteran designer Ha Qiongwen was one of the artists who immortalized the Iron Man. In 1968, he was elected member of the Ninth Central Committee. Until his death of cancer in 1970, Wang remained in the foreground fighting the elements, class enemies, revisionists and erroneous ideas.
Wang Jinxi's example was used once more in the early 1980s, to entice young people to move to hardship areas to assist in the development of China.
